International Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharma Research

An Ghafis (Agrimonia eupatoria): An In-depth Review of its Historical Context, Therapeutic properties, Ethnopharmacological applications, and Scientific research

Nida Mehraj, Mahboob Alam — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Agrimonia eupatoria, commonly known as Ghafis, holds a significant role in traditional herbal medicine across different regions. This perennial plant, part of the Rosaceae family, has been used in Unani medicine for its various healing properties since ancient times. Ghafis is known for its abilities as a demulcent, stomachic, blood purifier, diuretic, emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, and astringent agent. Traditionally, it has been employed to treat liver and spleen inflammation, fevers, ulcers, jaundice, wounds, and gastrointestinal disorders. Ethnopharmacological practices have also recognized its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and diuretic effects. Recent scientific studies have further explored its potential in managing diabetes, neuropathic pain, oxidative stress-related disorders, and protecting the liver. This review aims to provide an overview of Ghafis, covering its description, habitat, traditional uses, and recent scientific studies. Ghafis emerges as a valuable herbal remedy with ongoing relevance in herbal medicine and Unani pharmacotherapy.

Keywords: Ghafis, Agrimonia eupatoria, Agrimony, Unani Medicine

Addressing Disparities in Vision Health and Eye Care in the US

Pallav Dave — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Health disparities are a prevalent issue that continues to affect health outcomes. In ophthalmology, these disparities affect eye care utilization increasing the burden of eye care disorders and vision impairment/loss. Various factors contribute to disparities in vision care. They include age, gender, socioeconomic status, geographic location, and race and ethnicity. These factors make it difficult for people affected by eye conditions to access care. Addressing these disparities can help to increase eye care utilization and improve patient outcomes. Some measures that can address these disparities and increase utilization are providing patient education, increasing insurance coverage, implementing community-based eye care programs, using teleophthalmology, providing transport services, providing reminder alerts, and creating community centres that are federally funded among others. This review seeks to identify measures that can help to address disparities in vision and eye care in the US. The review also identifies drivers of health disparities in vision health and how they affect the ability to access care.

Keywords: eye disorders, disparities, vision health, eye care, utilization

Factors that Increase the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Pallav Dave — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. It comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) The disorder begins in young adulthood. It is characterised by remission and relapse. IBD significantly affects a person’s life more so, their productivity and ability to perform activities of daily living. Although IBD is prevalent in Western countries, the recent epidemiology data shows a rising global prevalence and incidence. Addressing IBD is important. Although it is not significantly associated with high morbidity rates, it is a significant burden to healthcare. Identifying the risk factors of IBD can help in improving preventative measures. Since IBD does not have a known cure, controlling for these factors can minimize the impact of the disease. Some of the risk factors that increase the risk of IBD are genetics, environmental factors such as smoking, diet, lifestyle changes, medications, and intestinal microbiome. Identifying the factors that contribute to the risk of developing IBD can help in creating effective measures that can prevent the pathogenesis of the disease.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), environmental factors, microbiota

A Review on Widely Used Diagnostic Technique to Rule Out Malnutrition in Children (Under 5 Years)

Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Anthropometric pointers are most effectively used to describe the nutritive status of populations as an expression of the magnitude and distribution of under nutrition. They're less accurate than other styles, still, when it comes to assessing individual nutritive status. In numerous field situations where coffers are oppressively limited, it's possible to use anthropometry as a webbing device to identify individualities at threat of under nutrition. This primary opinion can be followed up with a more elaborate disquisition using other ways. A stubborn continuity of child severe acute malnutrition and continued gaps in program content have made relating styles for expanding the discovery, opinion, and treatment of SAM a critical public health need. There's a growing agreement that making mid-upper arm circumference use more extensively accessible among caregivers and community health workers is an important coming step in farther decentralizing SAM care and adding program content, including the capability of CHWs to treat uncomplicated SAM in community settings.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Nutrition, Moderate acute malnutrition, Anthropometry.

Igniting Innovation: Plasma’s Dominance in The Future of Drug Delivery

Vareesha Karimella , Venu Gopalaiah Penabaka , Yadala Prapurna Chandra — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Historically, plasma the liquid part of ancestry has been used for medicinal purposes in several ways, including drug delivery. Plasma-located drug delivery orders have shown promise for reserved and planned drug delivery, regaining their therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects. This study surveys recent research on the use of red bodily fluid in pharmacological dosage forms or other consumable forms, such as skin-derived nanoparticles, liposomes, and micelles. This plasma will be the future top marketing in the world. The future directions and recent studies are the pathways that ensure its capabilities in curing disease and how effective it is going to work in curing and preventing diseases.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, Bioavailability.

An Observational Study on Guideline Mediated Prescribing Pattern in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

T. Rama Rao , G. Sravya , D. Akshaya, T. Kaushik — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Studies on prescribing patterns are useful investigative instruments for figuring out how drugs function in society. Examining the prescription pattern is a crucial part of gauging the ability of medical professionals to choose a medication that will benefit patients to the fullest. The current study goals were to evaluate, using accepted guidelines, the general medicine department's practice of prescribing in accordance with guidelines in a tertiary care hospital and to assess the inclusion of drugs from essential drug list patients with acute decompensated heart failure.

Methodology: Hospital based prospective case observational study was conducted for a period of six months after obtaining the permission from institutional ethical committee. The data was collected and analysed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and necessary statistical testing like chi square test and pearson correlation were performed.

Results and Discussion: Based on the study, the data of total 100 patients (n=100) were evaluated. Gender distribution of data shows high prevalence rate in males. The most commonly high susceptibility of disease age was found in 40-60 in males and females. The maximum number of patients were hospitalized for 6-7 days, hypertension was the most commonly found precipitating factor. Diuretics were prescribed maximum in the prescription. Out of 650 drugs the maximum number of drugs fall under the category of Anti-hypertensives. Most drugs are given through oral route. The American heart association (AHA) guidelines were assessed for drug prescription using IBM SPSS Statistics. It was depicted that most of the prescriptions were in compliance with the guidelines.

Conclusion: The results of our study conclude that prescribing practices were satisfactory according to the American college of cardiology guidelines.

Keywords: Prescribing pattern, Guidelines, Acute heart failure, Anti-hypertensives.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

Aswathy Ramesh , Rakesh Kumar Jat, R Arunkumar — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Here new eight derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazole were synthesised from salicylic acid and phenyl acetic acid by ring condensation mechanism. The synthesized derivatives were characterized and structures were confirmed by various spectral analysis. Antifungal activity studies revealed that Ox1, Ox2 and Ox4 exhibit promising activity.

Keywords: 1,3,4-oxadiazole, antifungal activity, Disc diffusion method, MIC,

Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

Aswathy Ramesh, Rakesh Kumar Jat, R Arunkumar — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A series of 2, 5- disubstituted- 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives (Ox1-Ox10) are synthesized by the ring condensation reaction followed by rearrangement of salicylic acid and phenyl acetic acid with various aromatic acids in presence of phosphorous oxychloride as cyclizing agent. Structure of the new derivatives are confirmed by spectral analysis. Those derivatives having high Pa value in PASS software are subjected to antibacterial, anticancer and antidiabetic studies which yield promising reports. This study helps and stimulate the researcher to exploit the oxadiazole nuclei for the development of more active less harmful drugs.

Keywords: 1,3,4-oxadiazole, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity, antidiabetic activity